Decline of Indus Valley Civilization
There are various theories of collapse of the Harappan civilization. The main theories are:
Environmental Changes:
It declined because of the change in the course of the rivers and because the rivers dried up. The decline theory of environmentenvironment degradation was given by John Marshall. The dogma says that cutting of forests for agricultural and timber for fuel may have resulted in the barren land and silting of rivers. Another version of the same story says that it declined and decayed because of the Floods in the rivers. It has been postulated that in Saraswati region, the civilization declined mainly because of the shifting of the river channels. However, the decline was not sudden and took several hundred years.
Aryan Invasion:
There is a theory that is based upon a Shloka in Rig VedaThe four Vedas come under the Shruti category and are considered sacred scriptures. Later texts like the various shastras and the itihaasas form Smruti.
Rig-VedaRig-Veda is known as the oldest religious text in the world. It is also known as "First testament" of mankind. It was composed around 1700 .....
Rig-Veda ..... (VI.27.5). This Shloka says:
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In aid of Abhyavartin Cayamana, Indra destroyed the seed of Varasikha.
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At Hariyupiyah he smote the vanguard of the Vrcivans, and the rear fled freighted.
This sloka mentions Hari-yupiah which has been linked to HarappaBoth Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro are approximately 500 kms apart from each other. Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro and Dholavira are called the nucleus cities of the civilization. Since ...... Further it has been argued by the scholars that settlements in Baluchistan region were put under fire by the barbaric AryansMeaning of Veda
यः समिधा य आहुती यो वेदेन ददाश मर्तो अग्नये | यो नमसा सवध्वरः ||
The above Shloka from Rig-Veda 8.19.5 was translated by many scholars. The first ..... and invaders. There are found around 6 groups of human skeletons in Mohenjo-DaroMohenjo-Daro was a most important Harappan city.
The meaning of Mohenjo-Daro is "Mound of the dead" and Mohenjo-Daro is the best known Indus site.
It is ..... which gives an indication that the civilization was subject to the foreign invasions. However, Wheeler says: It is not susceptible to proof and no serious value.
The harappan civilization got disappeared in 1300 BC and the vacuum created was filled by numerous civilizations.
