Nobel Prize for Physics 2014
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced its decision to award the Nobel Prize for Physics to Isamu
Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano and Shuji Nakamura “for the invention of
efficient blue light-emitting diodes which has enabled bright and
energy-saving white light sources”.
Isamu Akasaki
Isamu Akasaki is a Japanese citizen. He was born 1929 in Chiran, Japan and educated in Japan. He is currently a Professor at Meijo
University, Nagoya, and Distinguished Professor at Nagoya University, Japan.
Hiroshi Amano
Hiroshi Amano is a Japanese citizen. He was born in 1960 in Hamamatsu, Japan and educated in Japan. He is a Professor at Nagoya University in Japan.
Shuji Nakamura
Shuji Nakamura is an American citizen. He was born in 1954 in Ikata, Japan and educated in Japan. He is currently a Professor at University of California in USA.
Although red and green LEDs have been in existence for decades now, development of blue LEDs posed a formidable challenge to scientists and researchers.
Within a LED, current is applied to multiple semiconductor materials, which emit a particular wavelength of light depending on the chemical make-up of the semiconductor materials in question. Gallium nitride was the semiconductor used by the Japanese researchers to develop the blue LED. Growing adequately big crystal of gallium nitride was the challenge that many researchers couldn’t figure out. Akasaki and Amano, worked together in 1986 to get the gallium nitride to grow to a big size, with the help of a specifically designed scaffold partially made from sapphire.
In 1990, Nakamura also managed to induce the gallium nitride to grow to a big size by manipulating the temperature to induce its growth.
Their work in discovering blue LEDs led to the combining of red, green and blue LEDs to form white LEDs.
Blue LEDs are used in many products nowadays. Smartphones, for example, use blue LEDs. White LEDs are used in a plethora of products from lamps tto television screen to computer screens.
LEDs use much less energy than incandescent lamps, and are efficient enough to run on locally generated solar power. It is major development in the 21st century where energy conservation has become vital
Isamu Akasaki
Isamu Akasaki is a Japanese citizen. He was born 1929 in Chiran, Japan and educated in Japan. He is currently a Professor at Meijo
University, Nagoya, and Distinguished Professor at Nagoya University, Japan.
Hiroshi Amano
Hiroshi Amano is a Japanese citizen. He was born in 1960 in Hamamatsu, Japan and educated in Japan. He is a Professor at Nagoya University in Japan.
Shuji Nakamura
Shuji Nakamura is an American citizen. He was born in 1954 in Ikata, Japan and educated in Japan. He is currently a Professor at University of California in USA.
Discovery of blue LEDs
The three scientists of Japanese origin have been awarded the Nobel for inventing blue light emitting diodes or LEDs.Although red and green LEDs have been in existence for decades now, development of blue LEDs posed a formidable challenge to scientists and researchers.
Within a LED, current is applied to multiple semiconductor materials, which emit a particular wavelength of light depending on the chemical make-up of the semiconductor materials in question. Gallium nitride was the semiconductor used by the Japanese researchers to develop the blue LED. Growing adequately big crystal of gallium nitride was the challenge that many researchers couldn’t figure out. Akasaki and Amano, worked together in 1986 to get the gallium nitride to grow to a big size, with the help of a specifically designed scaffold partially made from sapphire.
In 1990, Nakamura also managed to induce the gallium nitride to grow to a big size by manipulating the temperature to induce its growth.
Their work in discovering blue LEDs led to the combining of red, green and blue LEDs to form white LEDs.
Significance of blue LEDs
Blue LED is an extremely significant development on its own, and because it was a stepping stone in the development of white LED, it is a path-breaking milestone.Blue LEDs are used in many products nowadays. Smartphones, for example, use blue LEDs. White LEDs are used in a plethora of products from lamps tto television screen to computer screens.
LEDs use much less energy than incandescent lamps, and are efficient enough to run on locally generated solar power. It is major development in the 21st century where energy conservation has become vital
India expected to retain top slot in inward remittances
In the World Bank’s latest ‘Migration and Development Brief’, India
has remained the top country to receive inward remittance with a total
of $71 bn just this year. This stable inflow of remittances is important
in boosting India’s balance of payments
However, remittances to the developing countries are expected to increase by 5% to reach $435 bn in 2014, driven largely by remittances to Asia and Latin America. Remittances to the South Asia are expected to improve after a slower growth in 2013.
Global remittances are estimated to increase from $582 bn to $608 bn in 2014
Future Trends
The report predicts a modest rise of 1.5% in the inwards remittances to India during 2014.However, remittances to the developing countries are expected to increase by 5% to reach $435 bn in 2014, driven largely by remittances to Asia and Latin America. Remittances to the South Asia are expected to improve after a slower growth in 2013.
Global remittances are estimated to increase from $582 bn to $608 bn in 2014
Forced Migration
Though the rise in inward remittances is a positive development, the rise in forced migration has revealed the troubling circumstances that are prevalent across the world. Forced Migration due to conflict were at their highest level since World War II, affecting over 51 mn people. An additional 22 mn people have been forced to move due to natural disasters.Parties using children for poll work will lose symbols: Election Commission
The Bombay High Court while hearing a case on the issue
of children engaging in election campaigns and poll related work, asked
the Election Commission (EC) what action it was taking against political parties to curb the involvement of children.The Election Commission has responded that parties which are making children work for their campaigns will face de-recognition by the EC. Under section 16A of the Election Symbols (Reservation and Allotment) Order, 1968, the EC can withdraw the recognition granted to parties that don’t follow the EC’s rules and regulations. De-recognition of a political party means that it can no longer use its reserved symbol.
PM inaugurates "Invest Madhya Pradesh - Global Investors Summit 2014"
PM: Investment worth 100 billion dollars has applied for visa to India
PM appreciates Madhya Pradesh for quick follow-up action to derive benefit from key policy initiatives of the Centre
Shri Narendra Modi said he wanted the Centre and each state government to work together in the spirit of "one and one - eleven." Delivering the inaugural address at the "Invest Madhya Pradesh - Global Investors Summit - 2014" at Indore, the Prime Minister said that following his recent summit level interactions with Japan, China and the US, "investment worth 100 billion dollars had applied for a visa to India." It is now upto the states to grab a share of this investment, he added.
The Prime Minister emphasized that India`s strength is inherent in its states, and if India is to be developed, states must go forward. He said he stands for Team India - a team consisting of the Prime Minister and all Chief Ministers. If this team works together, a lot can be accomplished, he added. Shri Narendra Modi said the Centre and states are not competitors or enemies; they are complementary.
Complimenting the Madhya Pradesh Government and Chief Minister for rapid strides in development, the Prime Minister said that the team of Shri Shivraj Singh Chauhan deserves full credit for it. He said Madhya Pradesh has ample land, good infrastructure, and effective governance; and therefore is an excellent investment destination. He also complimented the state government for quick follow-up action to derive benefit from key policy initiatives of the Centre, such as the "Make in India" vision and defence manufacturing policy.
The Prime Minister said India is a country of youth, and therefore employment is the primary aim of all investment initiatives.
Ambassadors of 28 countries are present at the summit - which also has nine partner countries.
Cyclonic storm “Hudhud”
In wake of the cyclonic storm “Hudhud” , National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) has placed its 05 Battalions situated at Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, West Bengal and Bihar on high alert. These NDRF battalions comprise 51 teams.
In the state of AP, 06 rescue and relief teams have already been deployed at Srikakulam -02, Vijay Nagaram 01, Visakhapattam - 02 and East Godavari - 01 teams.
In Odisha, 09 NDRF teams are being considered for deployment in district Gajpatti - 01, Ganjam - 03, Khurda - 02, Cuttak - 01, Puri - 01 and Balasore 01.
04 teams each from NDRF Patna, Kolkota and Chennai battalions are moving towards Odisha and AP state.
A total of 27 teams are being deployed in vulnerable areas as a proactive measure to mitigate the situation during cyclonic storm.
One DIsG each has been stationed at Visakhapattam and Bhubaneswar to supervise the NDRF operations.
Total 162 boats and 54 deep diving sets with other flood rescue equipments are being sent to meet any challenges which may arise due to cyclonic storm ‘Hudhud’.
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